Caffeine

Information

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, 1-methylotheobromine) is a purine alkaloid occurring in the natural state in plants (Coffea arabica, Camelia sinensis, Paulinia cupana, Ilex paraguariensis), which acts as a natural pesticide, acting toxic to insects. Peculiar smell and taste also deters herbivores. Caffeine in the body inhibits the adenosine receptors in the brain, fighting fatigue and allowing for action activation. It has a beneficial effect on the metabolism of oxygen, which increases the exercise capacity (strength and endurance) and rapid post-workout recovery. In the sports supplementation, caffeine is used as a stimulant nervous system. It has the thermogenic potential and in combination with other substances (e.g. Polyphenols, both occurring in coffee beans, such as cocoa beans, tea leaves and mate) can effectively participate in the reduction of body fat. It is included in many dietary stimulants (creatine stacks, no-boosters, beverages). It is a component of fat burners. It is also in the form of mono-preparation supplements.
Dosage: 100-600 mg per day. Due to the long release of activity should not be used in the evening, before sleep.

Theacrine

Information

Theacrine is a purine alkaloid which occurs naturally in the fruits of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) and the leaves of Camellia assamica. It is structurally similar to caffeine but it has also additional ketone and methyl groups. It also energises, enhances focus and reduces drowsiness and fatigue. In contrary to caffeine, it has more lasting effects and rather does not affect blood pressure. Furthermore, it has been observed that the body develops tolerance to theacrine more slowly and that is why there is no need to increase its dosage to obtain the desired results. 

Like caffeine, theacrine can bind to adenosine receptors without activating them. Nonetheless, its effects depend on the dosage. Its high doses block adenosine receptors whereas low doses have the opposite effects – they boost adenosine levels in the hippocampus and that is probably why they may reduce negative effects of excessive caffeine intake. In addition, theacrine modulates dopamine receptors. Their activation leads to higher motivation and enhanced cognitive skills. It is also believed to have analgesic and antioxidant effects.

In supplementation, theacrine is treated as a stimulant. It is used to reduce drowsiness and fatigue and boost mental performance. It is often combined with caffeine to enhance and prolong its effects and prevent the harmful consequences of excess caffeine.

Theacrine is most frequently found in pre-workout supplements and fat burners based on stimulants. Single-ingredient preparations with pure theacrine are also available on the market.  

Dosage: No official guidelines.

The most common daily dosage is from 50 to 300 mg. Doses below 50 mg will have a relaxing effect and those around 300 mg a stimulating effect.