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What is L-Citrulline?
L-Citrulline is an α-amino acid, ornithine derivative. It was isolated for the first time from watermelon and this is how it gained its name, as citrullus in Latin means watermelon. Citrulline takes part in oxygen processes of energy production during effort, thanks to which it is especially attractive for sportsmen of endurance disciplines. It also takes part in urea cycle, also known as the Ornithine cycle, thanks to which it helps to get rid of excessive amounts of ammonia from the organism.
It converts to l-arginine in kidneys and scientific studies suggest that is increases its level even more effectively than in case of sole arginine. Moreover, the increase of arginine level resulting from citrulline supply is longer and more stable. Thanks to this, it contributes to the increase of nitric oxide and widening of blood vessel lumen. This property makes citrulline useful in preventing cardiological incidents. The positive influence on the circulatory system is also used in case of erection disorders, as increased nitric oxide may initiate more effective blood flow to sex organs.
L-Citrulline is contained in the composition of many pre-workout supplements and NO-boosters directed at the improvement of sports abilities of the organism, which may be found in the offer of muscle-zone.pl.
Beta-alanine (β-alanine) is a β-amino acid (the same group to which the I-alanine belongs, but with different chemistries). In combination with histidine, it forms β-alanyl-L-histidine (carnosine) - a antioxidant, chelating and buffering compound. Carnosine reduces the level of hydrogen ions in the cell and allows to extend the physical performance and endurance, it affects biological recovery after exercise. Beta-alanine is available in the form of single component and advanced amino-acid supplements, creatine stacks and nitrogen boosters.
Taurine – non-protein amino acid containing sulphur, which is synthesized in the body from methionine and cysteine, present in sufficient amount in human or animal body (in the brain, heart and skeletal), although in some cases must be supplemented. Significantly affects the calcium content in the cells and stabilizes the water and electrolyte balance and maintains acid-base balance. Takes part in the synthesis of bile acids. In the body acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. It is an insulin-mimetic improving insulin metabolism, responsible for transport of nutrients (such as amino acids, glucose, creatine) to the cells and muscle tissue. These properties determine that it is a valued mono-preparation supplement and valuable addition to creatine and amino acid supplements, recommended for psycho-pchysically active people and athletes and other competitive sportsmen in pre- and post-workout periods.
Dosage: 3 grams per day.
Arginine is an exogenous amino acid, it is a component of dietary proteins, not always synthesized in the human body in necessary quantity, so it is necessary to deliver it in the form of synthetics. It takes part in the biosynthesis agmatine, creatine and nitrogen oxides. The use of supplements containing arginine before workout increases the exercise capacity (strength, endurance). Used after considerable effort intensifies the transfer of energy and building compounds and intensifies the process of recovery. Used at bedtime in combination with lysine and ornithine enhances the synthesis of growth hormone. takes part in the intrasystemic synthesis of creatine. Arginine (as a precursor of ornithine) is involved in the urea cycle, increases the flow of blood in the circulatory system, increases sexual potency (in a short time after application). It affects the body's immunity preventing infections, and lowers blood pressure. In supplements – usually as alpha-ketoglutarate.
Tyrosine - endogenous amino acid (synthesized within the body), one of the 22 protein amino acids building. It occurs naturally in animal food products (eggs, dairy, meat). If the deficiency, it can be synthesized by hydroxylation of phenylalanine, capable of being converted to tyrosine in the liver. It is a precursor of neurotransmitters: dopamine (the group of catecholamines, participating in the processes occurring in the nervous system, causing muscle coordination and participates in the synthesis of many hormones) and noradrenaline (counteracting stress, stimulating the heart and circulatory system, and increasing glycogenolysis and lipolysis participating in the processes of energy transformations). Tyrosine is a precursor of thyroid hormones responsible for the rate of change in metabolic processes and pigment (melanin). In the supplementation, preparations containing tyrosine are used in programs reducing body fat (weight loss), improve mood and are stimulants.
Dosage: Customarily 500-2000 mg per day.
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, 1-methylotheobromine) is a purine alkaloid occurring in the natural state in plants (Coffea arabica, Camelia sinensis, Paulinia cupana, Ilex paraguariensis), which acts as a natural pesticide, acting toxic to insects. Peculiar smell and taste also deters herbivores. Caffeine in the body inhibits the adenosine receptors in the brain, fighting fatigue and allowing for action activation. It has a beneficial effect on the metabolism of oxygen, which increases the exercise capacity (strength and endurance) and rapid post-workout recovery. In the sports supplementation, caffeine is used as a stimulant nervous system. It has the thermogenic potential and in combination with other substances (e.g. Polyphenols, both occurring in coffee beans, such as cocoa beans, tea leaves and mate) can effectively participate in the reduction of body fat. It is included in many dietary stimulants (creatine stacks, no-boosters, beverages). It is a component of fat burners. It is also in the form of mono-preparation supplements.
Dosage: 100-600 mg per day. Due to the long release of activity should not be used in the evening, before sleep.
Guarana (Paulinia cupana) is a plant of the family Sapindaceae, of which seeds contain purine alkaloid (caffeine), acting as a stimulant on the body of the athlete. The caffeine content in the seeds of guarana is between 4 and 8%. Powdered seeds are the raw material for supplements. Thanks to the slow release of caffeine in the human digestive tract, stimulation takes longer and is less rapid than the consumption of strong coffee or infusions of caffeine. The extracts of Guarana supports the athlete’s body, they increase exercise and endurance capacity (especially aerobic). Guarana is also a component of fat burners. It is often combined with extracts of various plants (e.g. Green tea, cayenne pepper, herbal and synthetic substances). Besides infusions, guarana is in the form of a one-component water soluble powders, capsules, and bottled beverages and concentrates.
Dosage: In terms of 100-300 mg of caffeine per serving, depending on the needs.
Barley (Hordeum sativum) - raw food are seeds of barley (Semen hordein Sativa) and barley sprout (young sprouts), which is a valuable source of nutrients, such as vitamins (C, A, B, PP), trace elements (magnesium, potassium , calcium), fatty acids and fibre. Barley sprout improve the overall condition of the body and, in particular, affect the proper functioning of the heart, immune system and the functioning of the digestive system. Systematically consumed affect the aesthetics of the nail, skin and hair.
The grain is used as human food (grits) and animal food. The grain stores 67% of vegetable sugar reserves, built of glucose (starch), 26% vegetable protein, approx. 3% fat and micronutrients. The high starch content allows to classify of products from barley, as high-calorie products.
Barley is a component of nutrients and functional as well as vitamin and vitamin and mineral supplements.
Cayenne pepper - derived from hot peppers chilli, is not only the kitchen spice, but also a component of supplements. It contains capsaicin (an alkaloid which affects the vanilloid receptor, causing the feeling of warming). The increase in temperature causes the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline (catecholamines) from the adrenal medulla, and the consequent increase of metabolism and intensity of the lipolysis (resulting in reduction of adipose tissue) and is applicable in slimming diets (especially for people with low physical activity). It should not be combined with preparations containing capsaicin and casein (dairy) in one meal, as casein will cause the degradation, as it is an inhibitor of capsaicin. In the supplementation it is used as mono-preparation supplement or ingredient of supplements reducing body fat, available at www.muscle-zone.pl.
Dosage: usually 25 - 100 mg / 24h
Capsaicin organic compound found in chilli pepper fruits, soothing feeling pain and having thermogenic properties, revealing under the influence of temperature increase (above 42° C) as a result of the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal medulla, while the increase of metabolic processes and intensity of burning fat. It is inadvisable to use capsaicin products containing casein, which causes a delay in the rate of change and can cause discomfort in the upper abdomen. In the sports supplementation capsaicin is used in conjunction with caffeine, polyphenols in green tea in the programs fat reduction and weight control. Also used by people on weight loss diet with the average of physical activity. Preparations available at www.muscle-zone.pl
Dosage: the lack of defined standards of daily consumption
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