Vitamin K2

Information

What is Vitamin K2?

Vitamin K2 belongs to fat-soluble vitamins It is an important activator of many enzymes and proteins It shows a positive action on calcium balance by activating MGP protein and osteocalcin. This results in the removal of calcium deposits from blood vessel walls and transport of ions of this element to the area where it fulfills its function – teeth and bones. It reduces therefore the calcification of blood vessels and thus the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, it is a constituent of coagulation factors and cosequently prevents haemorrhages. It shows a synergistic action in combination with vitamin D and magnesium.

Vitamin K2 in the form of a dietary supplement of renowned brands e.g. Now Foods, Swanson, Life Extension, Jarrow Formulas and Thorne Research) can be found in formulas available at www.muscle-zone.pl

Menaquinone

Information

What is menaquinone?

Menaquinone is the term used for vitamin K2. It appears in short- and long-chain forms, the most popular of which are MK-4 and MK-7, containing respectively 4 and 7 isoprene residues in the side chains.

Vitamin K2 exhibits the widest spectrum of its activity by means of osteocalcin, which it has the ability to activate. By means of this hormone produced by bone cells, it may support the state of mineral density of bones and the condition of blood vessels and lower the risk of circulatory diseases. An interesting property of this vitamin is stimulation of Leydig cells to synthesize testosterone, which will be of interest especially to men. K2 also has neuroprotective properties, protecting from excitotoxicity caused by glutamate and oxidative stress from glutathione deficiency. Osteocalcin may also increase adiponectin release from fatty cells, thanks to which it is possible to achieve better insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammations. 

Menaquinone is contained in dietary supplements available in the offer of muscle-zone.pl.

Vitamin D

Information

Vitamin D belongs to fat soluble vitamins, occurs in three forms: calciferol (vitamin D1) ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), it is formed under the action of sunlight for at least 15 minutes per day. In the absence of sunlight it should be administered in the diet in the form of fish oil (Vitamin A + D3) and fish oils. It is responsible for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. It is the building substance of bone tissue particularly necessary during pregnancy, childhood, and for athletes. It is a component of dietary supplements and nutrients among competetive athletes. Deficiency of vitamin D causes children growth inhibition, and rickets.
For adults - deficiency causes osteomalacia.
Excess of vitamin D causes headaches, alopecia, nausea, drowsiness, blurred vision, pain in the long bones, the deposition of calcium deposits.
Dosage: 400 IU units during the day.

Cholecalciferol

Information

Cholecalciferol, or vitamin D3, is an organic chemical that belongs to the family of D vitamins. It is naturally found in fatty fish, fish oil, egg yolks, milk and dairy products. It is also synthesized in the human body. It is formed from 7-dehydrocholesterol present in the keratinocytes of the spinous and the basal layers of the epidermis, and a pre-requisite for initiating this process is the action of 290-315 nm wavelength UVB radiation on the skin.

Cholecalciferol is a biologically inactive compound. In the body, it undergoes enzymatic hydroxylation – first in the liver, with the participation of 25-hydroxylase, when calcidiol is formed and secondly in the kidneys, where under the influence of 1-α-hydroxylase, calcidiol is converted into the final active form – calcitriol.

The most important role of vitamin D3 in the body is the regulation of calcium-phosphate metabolism, which directly affects normal skeletal mineralization. In addition, it is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, insulin secretion, as well as in some functions of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems.

Cholecalciferol is the most popular form of vitamin D used in dietary supplements. Studies show that supplementation with vitamin D in this form most effectively and rapidly raises the level of 25 (OH) D3 – a metabolite that is a marker of the level of vitamin D in the body.

Dosage: according to RDI standards for individual age groups.